In the summer of 1873, Samuel Clemens—better known as Mark Twain, the sharp-witted scribe of American tales—set sail across the Atlantic aboard the SS City of Chester, bound for England. The Mississippi River pilot turned literary luminary was no stranger to a good drink, having cut his teeth on bourbon and lager in the rough-and-tumble days of his youth in Missouri and Nevada. But this voyage would introduce him to a concoction that would capture his heart and palate, a drink he’d immortalize in a letter to his beloved wife, Olivia.
It was the ship’s surgeon, a man with a knack for mixing remedies and revelry, who first poured Twain what he called a “cock-tail.” The recipe was simple yet sublime: Scotch whisky, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice, a touch of crushed sugar, and a dash or two of Angostura bitters. Shaken with ice and served in a wine glass, it was a revelation to Twain, whose taste for bourbon had defined his earlier years. “Too much of anything is bad,” he’d later quip, “but too much good whiskey is barely enough.” This new Scotch-based elixir, bright with citrus and warmed by bitters, struck him as just the right kind of excess.
By the time Twain reached London, he was smitten. He savored the cocktail before breakfast, before dinner, and before bed, crediting it with a “wonderful” digestion that ticked along “as regular as a clock.” In January 1874, from the Langham Hotel, he penned a now-famous letter to Olivia: “Livy my darling, I want you to be sure & remember to have, in the bath-room, when I arrive, a bottle of Scotch whisky, a lemon, some crushed sugar, and a bottle of Angostura bitters(Later to be know as the Mark Twain Cocktail) Ever since I have been in London I have taken in a wine glass what is called a cock-tail (made with these ingredients)… It remains day after day and week after week as regular as a clock.” He wasn’t just fond of the drink; he believed it had near-medicinal powers, perhaps even a spark of romance, as he hinted at his eagerness to return to her side.
This cocktail, later dubbed the Mark Twain cocktail, was a twist on what we now know as an Old Fashioned, though some liken it to a Whiskey Sour sans egg white. Its Scotch base set it apart from the bourbon-heavy drinks of Twain’s homeland, and its lemony zing gave it a liveliness that suited his irreverent spirit. Back in the States, Twain’s love for Scotch deepened. He’d host powerful men in his Hartford mansion, regaling them with stories over glasses of this cocktail or, in later years, a simpler hot toddy—Scotch with hot water—to ward off toothaches and fuel late-night billiards.
The Mark Twain cocktail became a legend in its own right, served in places like Carson City’s Bank Saloon, where barkeeps toasted the writer’s legacy. To make it, mix 1½ ounces of Scotch whisky, ¾ ounce of fresh lemon juice, 1 ounce of simple syrup, and 2 dashes of Angostura bitters. Shake with ice, strain into a chilled glass, and garnish with a lemon twist. It’s a drink as bold and balanced as Twain’s prose, with a tart edge that cuts through life’s absurdities.
Twain, ever the humorist, once said he smoked “in moderation—only one cigar at a time,” despite puffing through 22 a day. His approach to his cocktail was much the same: savored with gusto, never in half-measures. And so, this drink remains a toast to a man who lived as he wrote—full of wit, warmth, and a touch of mischief.
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